Luke 23:34, etc.: The Seven Sayings of Christ from the Cross. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW There are seven sayings of Jesus uttered from the cross. They were spoken in the following order: 1. the word of forgiveness: "Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do" (Luke 23:34, KJV) 2. the word of salvation: "Today shalt thou be with me in paradise" (Luke 23:43, KJV) 3. the word of affection: "Woman, behold thy son"; "Behold thy mother" (John 19:26-27, KJV) 4. the word of anguish: "My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?" (Matt. 27:46; Mark 15:34, KJV) 5. the word of suffering: "I thirst" (John 19:28, KJV) 6. the word of victory: "It is finished" (John 19:30, KJV) 7. the word of committal: "Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit" (Luke 23:46, KJV) [The One Year Bible Companion re Luke 23:34 mod] The seven utterances of Jesus as He hung upon the cross are sometimes called the Seven Words. No gospel writer mentions more than three, nor less than one, of these utterances. [SDA Bible Commentary] The Gospels report seven utterances by Jesus as He hung on the cross. Three of these can be assigned to the first three hours, between 9 a.m. and 12 noon. Four can be assigned to the next three hours, 12-3 p.m., during which the scene was shrouded in darkness. It is traditional during Good Friday services to meditate on these seven utterances. Surely there is much here for us to ponder. [Victor Bible Background Commentary] Jesus' first and last words from the cross were a prayer to His Father. [Disciple SB] FIRST SAYING OF CHRIST FROM THE CROSS (forgiveness). Luke 23:34a (KJV) Then said Jesus, FATHER, FORGIVE THEM; FOR THEY KNOW NOT WHAT THEY DO. Heaven viewed with grief and amazement Christ hanging upon the cross, blood flowing from His wounded temples, and sweat tinged with blood standing upon His brow. From His hands and feet the blood fell, drop by drop, upon the rock drilled for the foot of the cross. The wounds made by the nails gaped as the weight of His body dragged upon His hands. His labored breath grew quick and deep, as His soul panted under the burden of the sins of the world. All heaven was filled with wonder when the prayer of Christ was offered in the midst of His terrible suffering,--"Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do." Luke 23:34. Yet there stood men, formed in the image of God, joining to crush out the life of His only-begotten Son. What a sight for the heavenly universe! DA760 Jesus asked God to forgive the people who were putting him to death--Jewish leaders, Roman politicians and soldiers, bystanders--and God answered that prayer by opening up the way of salvation even to Jesus' murderers. The Roman centurion and soldiers who witnessed the crucifixion said, "Surely he was the Son of God" (Matthew 27:54). Soon many priests were converted to the Christian faith (Acts 6:7). Because we are all sinners, we all played a part in putting Jesus to death. The gospel--the Good News--is that God is gracious. He will forgive us and give us new life through his Son. [Life Application SB] "Father, Forgive Them" The dialogue that Friday morning was bitter. From the onlookers, Come down from the cross if you are the Son of God! From the religious leaders, He saved others but he cant save himself. From the soldiers, If you are the king of the Jews, save yourself. Bitter words. Acidic with sarcasm. Hateful. Irreverent. Wasnt it enough that he was being crucified? Wasnt it enough that he was being shamed as a criminal? Were the nails insufficient? Was the crown of thorns too soft? Had the flogging been too short? For some, apparently so... Of all the scenes around the cross, this one angers me the most. What kind of people, I ask myself, would mock a dying man? Who would be so base as to pour the salt of scorn upon open wounds? How low and perverted to sneer at one who is laced with pain The words thrown that day were meant to wound. And there is nothing more painful than words meant to hurt If you have suffered or are suffering because of someone elses words, youll be glad to know that there is a balm for this laceration. Meditate on these words from 1 Peter 2:23 (NIV): When they hurled their insults at him, he did not retaliate; when he suffered, he made no threats. Instead, he entrusted himself to him who judges justly. Did you see what Jesus did not do? He did not retaliate. He did not bite back. He did not say, Ill get you! Come on up here and say that to my face! Just wait until after the resurrection, buddy! No, these statements were not found on Christs lips. Did you see what Jesus did do? He entrusted himself to him who judges justly. Or said more simply, he left the judging to God. He did not take on the task of seeking revenge. He demanded no apology. He hired no bounty hunters and sent out no posse. He, to the astounding contrary, spoke on their defense. Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing.? (Luke 23:34 NIV) they dont know what they are doing. And when you think about it, they didnt. They hadnt the faintest idea what they were doing. They were a stir-crazy mob, mad at something they couldnt see so they took it out on, of all people, God. But they didnt know what they were doing. Yes, the dialogue that Friday morning was bitter. The verbal stones were meant to sting. How Jesus, with a body wracked with pain, eyes blinded by his own blood, and lungs yearning for air, could speak on behalf of some heartless thugs is beyond my comprehension. Never, never have I seen such love. If ever a person deserved a shot at revenge, Jesus did. But he didnt take it. Instead he died for them. How could he do it? I dont know. But I do know that all of a sudden my wounds seem very painless. My grudges and hard feelings are suddenly childish. Sometimes I wonder if we dont see Christs love as much in the people he tolerated as in the pain he endured. [Max Lucado Daily Devotional at maxlucado.com] SECOND SAYING OF CHRIST FROM THE CROSS (salvation). Luke 23:42, 43 (KJV) And he said unto Jesus, Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom. And Jesus said unto him, VERILY I SAY UNTO THEE, TODAY SHALT THOU BE WITH ME IN PARADISE. The conversion of the thief upon the cross, which is an illustrious instance of Christ's triumphing over principalities and powers even when he seemed to be triumphed over by them. Christ was crucified between two thieves, and in them were represented the different effects which the cross of Christ would have upon the children of men, to whom it would be brought near in the preaching of the gospel. They were all malefactors, all guilty before God. Now the cross of Christ is to some a savour of life unto life, to others of death unto death. (Matthew Henry's Commentary) The dying criminal had more faith than the rest of Jesus followers put together. Although the disciples continued to love Jesus, their hopes for the kingdom were shattered. Most of them had gone into hiding. As one of his followers sadly said two days later, We had hoped that he was the one who was going to redeem Israel (Luke 24:21). By contrast, the criminal looked at the man who was dying next to him and said, Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom. By all appearances, the kingdom was finished. How awe-inspiring is the faith of this man who alone saw beyond the present shame to the coming glory! [Life Application SB] THIRD SAYING OF CHRIST FROM THE CROSS (affection). John 19:26, 27 (KJV) When Jesus therefore saw his mother, and the disciple standing by, whom he loved, he saith unto his mother, WOMAN, BEHOLD THY SON! Then saith he to the disciple, BEHOLD THY MOTHER! And from that hour that disciple took her unto his own home. In this passage there is something which is surely one of the loveliest things in all the gospel story. When Jesus saw his mother, he could not but think of the days ahead. He could not commit her to the care of his brothers, for they did not believe in him yet (Jn 7:5). And, after all, John had a double qualification for the service Jesus entrusted to him--he was Jesus' cousin, being Salome's son, and he was the disciple whom Jesus loved. So Jesus committed Mary to John's care and John to Mary's, so that they should comfort each other's loneliness when he was gone. [Barclay Commentary] Behold, my beloved disciple shall be to you a son, and provide for you, and discharge toward you the duties of an affectionate child. Mary was poor. It would even seem that now she had no home. Jesus, in his dying moments, filled with tender regard for his mother, secured for her an adopted son, obtained for her a home, and consoled her grief by the prospect of attention from him who was the most beloved of all the apostles. What an example of filial attention! What a model to all children! And how lovely appears the dying Saviour, thus remembering his afflicted mother, and making her welfare one of his last cares on the cross, and even when making atonement for the sins of the world! (Barnes' Notes) FOURTH SAYING OF CHRIST FROM THE CROSS (anguish). Matthew 27:46 (KJV) And about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani? that is to say, MY GOD, MY GOD, WHY HAST THOU FORSAKEN ME? Jesus was not questioning God; he was quoting the first line of Psalm 22"a deep expression of the anguish he felt when he took on the sins of the world, which caused him to be separated from his Father. This was what Jesus dreaded as he prayed to God in the garden to take the cup from him (Matthew 26:39). The physical agony was horrible, but even worse was the period of spiritual separation from God. Jesus suffered this double death so that we would never have to experience eternal separation from God. [Life Application SB] Did God actually forsake Jesus? (27:46) The divine and human natures of Jesus were never separated, even during the crucifixion. Yet it is clear, difficult as it is to explain, that Jesus' intimate fellowship with God the Father was temporarily broken as he took the sin of the entire world on himself. Jesus used the words of Psalm 22, which begins with despair but ends with renewed trust in God. By quoting that psalm, Jesus may have hinted that he knew the broken relationship with his Father would soon be restored. [Quest SB] FIFTH SAYING OF CHRIST FROM THE CROSS (suffering). John 19:28 (KJV) After this, Jesus knowing that all things were now accomplished, that the scripture might be fulfilled, saith, I THIRST. The fatigue which he had undergone, the grief he had felt, the heat of the day, and the loss of blood, were the natural causes of this thirst. This he would have borne without complaint; but he wished to give them the fullest proof of his being the Messiah, by distinctly marking how everything relative to the Messiah, which had been written in the prophets, had its complete fulfilment in him. (Adam Clarke Commentary) One of the women who lingered at the foot of the cross had once known thirst that ordinary water couldn't quench. She had been an outcast among her peers, and there was no place in society for someone like her. She had a great need, and nothing could fill the emptiness, the void within her. Then came the day when she met Jesus. Although her accusers had already given up on her and would readily have stoned her, Jesus saw her need, and rather than give up on her, he faced her accusers and saved not only her life but her soul as well. From that moment forward, Mary Magdalene was a devoted disciple of Christ, following him even to the foot of a brutal cross. When Jesus cried out in thirst, the soldiers mistook it for weakness of the flesh and thrust sour wine to his lips. What they didn't comprehend is that Jesus' words were a declaration of his completion of his Father's work. He was thirsty because he was being poured out as an offering, not only for the grateful woman who knelt at his feet but also for generations of people to come. [Praying Through The Bible By Fuller] SIXTH SAYING OF CHRIST FROM THE CROSS (victory). John 19:30 (KJV) When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, IT IS FINISHED: and he bowed his head, and gave up the ghost. The sixth word or saying that Jesus spoke from the cross was a single Greek work which means It is finished. Papyri receipts for taxes have been recovered with this word written across them, meaning paid in full. This word on Jesus lips was significant. When He said, It is finished (not I am finished), He meant His redemptive work was completed. He had been made sin for people (2 Cor. 5:21) and had suffered the penalty of Gods justice which sin deserved. [Bible Knowledge Commentary] With one prophecy after another falling into place, Jesus went to the cross and died for the sins of the world. Finally, he said, "It is finished." God's plan, which the Bible says was put into place before the creation of the world, was finally fulfilled. The centerpiece of God's rescue mission was complete. The death of Jesus is the ultimate expression of love, and it's available to anyone who will agree to be rescued. To some, the thought that a sacrificial death was necessary is offensive; to others, it's everything. Paul made this message of the cross the essence of his preaching because it's the only means of our salvation. Jesus' death removed everything that stood between us and God so we can have perfect fellowship with him through faith. [NIV Once A Day Bible] SEVENTH SAYING OF CHRIST FROM THE CROSS (committal). Luke 23:46 (KJV) And when Jesus had cried with a loud voice, he said, FATHER, INTO THY HANDS I COMMEND MY SPIRIT: and having said thus, he gave up the ghost. Jesus died with a prayer on his lips. "Father, into your hands I commit my spirit." That is Ps 31:5 with one word added--Father. That verse was the prayer every Jewish mother taught her child to say last thing at night. Just as we were taught, maybe, to say, "This night I lay me down to sleep," so the Jewish mother taught her child to say, before the threatening dark came down, "Into thy hands I commit my spirit." Jesus made it even more lovely for he began it with the word Father. Even on a cross Jesus died like a child falling asleep in his father's arms. [Barclay Commentary] The words are from yet another psalm, Ps. 31:5, and were used in Israel as an evening prayer. The psalm is a beautiful expression of unshakable confidence. It reminds us that, although Christ accepted death as the Fathers will, His suffering in no way threatened the loving bond of trust that existed between them. [Victor Bible Background Commentary re Mar.15:34] CLOSING PRAISE AND WORSHIP SONG: More Than Wonderful by Sandi Patti & Larnelle Harris: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SRTwUvZG5a0 FURTHER STUDY ON THIS SUBJECT: The Last Words Of Christ On The Cross From Charles Spurgeon's Writings: http://www.godrules.net/library/spurgeon/NEWspurgeon_m7.htm